Pathogenesis people bitten by aedes aegypti mosquito are diagnosed with high fever and severe joint pain that are the common symptoms of dengue fever 16. Dengue fever is a benign, acute febrile syndrome occurring in tropical regions. Around the time the fever begins to subside usually 37 days after symptom onset, the patient may develop warning signs of severe disease. Mar 16, 2017 viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of febrile illnesses caused by rna viruses from several viral families. Burke, evidence that maternal dengue antibodies are important in the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever in infants, american journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, vol. The ane significant potential clinical implications in covid19. Alternate hypothesis on the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf dengue shock syndrome dss in dengue virus infection sansanee noisakran and guey chuen perng experimental biology and medicine 2008 233. The cause of thrombocytopenia in dengue is thought to be an immunerelated process. Rhesus monkeys develop viremia similar in pattern to humans after dengue virus challenge but do not develop clinical disease. Dengue hemorrhagic fever can occur when someone is bitten by a mosquito or exposed to blood infected with the dengue virus.
Apr 03, 2016 this video aims to describe the mode of replication of dengue virus and the pathophysiology of dengue. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne viral illness found throughout the. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Description of the clinical picture of dengue hemorrhagic feverdengue shock syndrome dhfdss in adults. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes and prognosis. They may range from subclinical infection to dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf, and eventually dengue shock syndrome dss. Pathophysiology dengue hemorrhagic fever free download as word doc. Come browse our large digital warehouse of free sample essays. National center for emerging and zoonotic infectious diseases. Aetiology,pathophysiology and diagnosis of dengue infection.
The pathology of dengue hemorrhagic fever request pdf. Dengue hemorrhagic fever pathophysiology november 2019 64. Dengue virus produces a mild acute febrile illness, dengue fever df and a severe illness, dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf. Although dengue is a very old disease but recently an alarming increase has been seen in the geographic range, along with the severity of. Learn more dengue clinical case management elearning pathophysiology of severe dengue. Jan 17, 2016 dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever 1. Awareness of this possible clinical finding could help in the early recognition of dengue and potentially reduce. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever.
Dengue infection is caused by 4 antigenically distinct dengue virus serotypes. Nursing diagnosis and nursing interventions for dengue hemorrhagic fever k546oxok9848. Sep 17, 2010 aetiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis of dengue infection dr lee oi wah peg. Annually, 100 million cases of dengue fever and half a million cases of dhf occur worldwide.
A viral hemorrhagic fever is an alternate theory of the cause of the black death and the plague of justinian. Pdf pathogenesis and pathophysiology of dengue hemorrhagic. Perubatan ud54 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Evidence that maternal dengue antibodies are important in the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever in infants, american journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, vol. Dengue virus and dengue pathophysiology part 2 youtube. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever vii dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes mosquitoes with major public health consequences in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries in southeast asia, the western pacific and south and central america.
These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. Pathophysiology dengue hemorrhagic fever virus veterinary. The initial, and currently only, outbreak of lujo virus in septemberoctober 2008 left 45 patients dead. Get the knowledge you need in order to pass your classes and more. Pathophysiology plasma leakage denvinfected cells release inflammatory mediators, immune complexes are formed, and the complement cascade is activated resulting in increased vascular permeability and hemorrhagic manifestations that characterize severe dengue. Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf are increasingly recognized as major public health problems in over 100 countries in the tropics and subtropics. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The four dengue viruses are transmitted in tropical countries that circle the globe. Pathophysiology and management of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Transmission occurs through the bite of infected aedes mosquitoes, principally aedes aegypti, which is also the principal urban vector of yellow fever. Known also as dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf, it starts abruptly with high continuous fever and headache plus respiratory and intestinal symptoms with sore throat, cough, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The clinical spectrum of the disease ranges from dengue fever to dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. In this video, dr bv baliga, consultant internal medicine, and director, heartsense, explains dengue fever what causes it, how it can be treated and how it should be prevented. The association between dengue hemorrhagic fever and second dengue infections is simply coincidental.
Early cd69 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes from children with dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. In large part, this limitation is related to the lack of a suitable animal model of disease. The clinical manifestations of dengue are the expression of a constellation of host and viral factors, some acquired, others intrinsic to the individual.
Nursing diagnosis and nursing interventions for dengue. Jan 09, 2008 dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by four serotypes of dengue virus. The first evidence of occurrence of dengue fever in the country was reported in 1956 from vellore district in tamil nadu. Defined by the presence of fever and 2 or more of the following but not meeting the case definition of dengue hemorrhagic fever. The first dengue hemorrhagic feverdhf outbreak occurred in calcutta in 1963.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome some patients with dengue fever go on to develop dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf, a severe and sometimes fatal form of the disease. Original antigenic sin and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Pathogenesis of dengue haemorrhagic fever and its impact. To our knowledge, this sign has not been previously associated with dengue. Life cycle of the dengue fever virus hhmi biointeractive video duration. In a small proportion of cases, the virus causes increased vascular permeability that leads to a bleeding diathesis or disseminated intravascular coagulation dic known as dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf. Nevertheless, we should not be at ease of this since the peak season of dengue fever is still somewhere between the months of july and august. Introduction dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf result from infection by any of four serotypes of dengue viruses. A syndrome due to the dengue virus that tends to affect children under 10, causing abdominal pain, hemorrhage bleeding and circulatory collapse. The 2014 west africa ebola outbreak, which was the biggest outbreak in history.
Severe dengue dengue hemorrhagic feverdengue shock syndrome usually occur around the third to seventh day of illness during a second dengue infection in persons with preexisting actively or passively maternally acquired immunity to a heterologous dengue virus serotype. Common name of the disease is breakbone fever haddi tod bukhar hdi taod baukar. All can cause syndromes that are selflimited or severe. The traditional classification is divided into dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. The first recorded epidemic of clinically dengue like illness occurred at madras in 1780. Dengue infection is caused by any of four dengue virus serotypes. Dengue feverdengue hemorrhagic fever dengue feverdengue hemorrhagic fever bruce r.
Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. Summary dengue fever, a very old disease, has reemerged in the past 20 years with an expanded geographic distribution of both the viruses and the mosquito vectors, increased epidemic activity, the development of hyperendemicity the cocirculation of multiple serotypes, and the emergence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in new geographic regions. Much remains to be learned about the pathogenesis of the different manifestations of dengue virus denv infections in humans. The characteristic feature of dhf is increased capillary permeability leading to extensive plasma leakage in serous cavities resulting in shock. Dengue fever has emerged as a global public health problem in the recent decades. The infection causes flulike illness, and occasionally develops into a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue.
Dhf starts abruptly with high continuous fever and headache plus respiratory and intestinal symptoms with sore throat, cough, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Jan 27, 2016 introduction dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf result from infection by any of four serotypes of dengue viruses. Viral hemorrhagic fever dengue fever presented by jega subramaniam, student guided by ap. Approximately 50 million people are infected annually, with 25 000 deaths. The pathology of dengue hemorrhagic fever sciencedirect. Severe dengue, including dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, is characterized by severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, rapid breathing, bleeding gums, fatigue, restlessness, and blood in vomit, and may be fatal due to plasma leakage, fluid accumulation, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, or organ impairment. Age and sex both are affected since dengue is a universal infection season aedes aegypti is more commonly found in tropical and subtropical countries. Department of health and human services centers for. Todays topics arboviruses general concept dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever mcqs and case studies 3. It is characterized by biphasic fever, myalgia, headache, pain in various parts of the body, rash, lymphadenopathy, and leucopenia1,2. Pathogenesis of dengue haemorrhagic fever and its impact on. Dengue part 1 pathophysiology by dr ariff arithra duration. May 03, 2019 dengue fever is a benign, acute febrile syndrome occurring in tropical regions. It is a vasculopathy that consists in endothelial lesions which allow plasma leakage and hemorrhages.
Clinical and serologic study of cuban children with dengue hemorrhagic feverdengue shock syndrome dhfdss. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by autoimmune phenomena triggered by a dengue viral infection. So, here are the things we should know about dengue hemorrhagic fever and its corresponding nursing care management. Pathophysiology of severe dengue centers for disease. Pathophysiology and management of dengue hemorrhagic fever dengue hemorrhagic fever pathophysiology white blood cell. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by an abnormal or accelerated t cell. Alternate hypothesis on the pathogenesis of dengue. We have found that relative bradycardia is a notable clinical feature of dengue fever in singapore.
The clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infection to undifferentiated fever, dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever d. Dengue viral infections are one of the most important mosquito borne diseases in the world. The clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infection to undifferentiated. In recent decades, the number of new cases of dengue has increased. Nov 14, 2006 dengue infection is caused by any of four dengue virus serotypes. There are an estimated 50 million infections per year with the dengue virus, which is transmitted primarily by urbanadapted aedes aegypti mosquitoes. They are rna viruses that belong to the flavivirus genusflaviviridae family, which also includes the yellow fever virus, west nile virus, japanese encephalitis virus, zika virus, and the st louis encephalitis virus.
Dengue fever is a viral infection that can cause lifethreatening illness, milder flulike illness, or no symptoms at all. Dengue is an important cause of childhood and adult morbidity in asian and latin american countries and its geographic footprint is growing. Dengue hemorrhagic fever may arise from repeated infection with different serotypes of the dengue virus. The clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infection to undifferentiated fever, dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf. Antibodydependent enhancement of disease and severe dengue. They may be asymptomatic or may give rise to undifferentiated fever, dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf, or dengue shock syndrome. Pathogenesis of dengue haemorrhagic fever and its impact on case management. The common severe syndromedengue haemorrhagic feverdengue shock syndrome dhfdssis characterised by sudden vascular permeability generated by cytokines released when t cells attack dengueinfected cells. Dengue hemorrhagic fever and its nursing management.
Df is selflimited, but, it will progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf or dengue shock syndrome. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by a bite of a vector mosquito called, aedes. These highly infectious viruses lead to a potentially lethal disease syndrome characterized by fever, malaise, vomiting, mucosal and gastrointestinal gi bleeding, edema, and hypotension. World health organization, regional office for southeast asia. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by virulent dengue viruses. Who, comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever, 2011. Substantial gaps remain in the comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of dengue virus infections. Guerdan, md, mph abstract in september 2009 the first documented, locally acquired cases of dengue fever in eighty years were diagnosed in individuals living in or visiting key west, florida.
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